What but also When and Where : biomaterials with spatiotemporal functionalization for tissue repair

Orateur : Aldo LEAL-EGANA (CEA Grenoble)

For decades the scientific community has been investigating artificial supports to mimic the properties of the natural Extracellular Matrix (ECM). However, if we think about typical parameters researched for improving artificial grafts currently used in tissue repair, one must agree that most of the traditional matrices have been designed to answer the question “What do the cells need ?”, keeping (in most of the cases) a long-lasting functionality and stationary properties based on a healthy and stable scenario. However, it is important to remark that reparation processes and recovery of the homeostasis are not just characterized for being organized in structural but also in spatial and temporal terms, meaning that the dynamics of regeneration play a crucial role on determining the adequate reconstruction of the cellular micromilieu. Because in vivo tissue repair processes involve a perfect synchrony between the cell requirements and their changing physicochemical micromilieu (matrix-host cross-talk), including self assembly, controlled biodegradation and the presence of domains for cellmatrix anchorage among others, during the last years researchers have started to focus on answering the question ; “When and where do the cells need it ?”. Examples of traditional polymers (i.e. Alginate) and those with spatio-temporal functionality (i.e. Spider silk proteins) will be commented during this presentation, with the purpose to discuss emerging challenges for researchers involved in material sciences and tissue engineering research fields.

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